Short-Term and Long-Term Side Effects of Hallucinogen Abuse
Many hallucinogens tend to have overlapping side effects like an increased heart rate and nausea. Some of the short-term physical side effects of abusing hallucinogens broken down by drug type are as follows:
LSD
- Numbness, tremors
- Impulsivity and quick changes in emotional states
- Dizziness and insomnia
- Increased body temperature, heartrate, and blood pressure
- Loss of appetite
- Sweating
Psilocybin
- Nervousness and paranoia
- Intense introspection
- Relaxation
Peyote
- Flushing
- Extreme sweating
- Loss of coordination
- Increased heart rate and body temperature
MDMA
- Sweating
- Involuntary clenching of teeth
- Nausea
- Blurred vision
The actual length of the "high" produced by abusing hallucinogens can vary wildly depending on the substance. Generally, the effects can be felt within 20 to 90 minutes after ingestion with effects lasting on average 6 to 12 hours. MDMA users, on the other hand, will typically feel the effects for about 3 to 6 hours.
While these highs can involve intensely intricate hallucinations and feelings of euphoria, a powerful connection with the world, and extreme empathy, hallucinogens also carry with them the possibility of a "bad trip." A bad trip is characterized by disturbing visualizations, intense anxiety and panic, unrivaled terror, and an ultimate loss of self-identity. While these trips may be brought about by being in the wrong environment or not having the right mindset going into the experience, the fear of a bad trip alone is usually enough to keep people from abusing hallucinogens altogether.
When it comes to long-term side effects of hallucinogen addiction, the physical problems may seem a bit more disconcerting. While a lot of the science is still out on the long-term effects for many of these drugs, some studies have shown that regular use and abuse could cause two very serious problems: persistent psychosis and flashbacks.
Persistent psychosis is characterized by continuing mental problems brought about by drug use. These effects could include rapid and frequent mood changes, disorganized patterns of thinking, regular visual disturbances, and markedly high paranoia.
The more commonly known effect, flashbacks, are many times one of the primary reasons individuals will not partake in using hallucinogens.
These incidences involve randomly feeling the effects of these drugs after the initial dose has already worn off. Hallucinogen abusers report that they have experienced these flashbacks anywhere from several days to more than a year after their last incident of using. Experiencing persistent flashbacks that interfere with normal functioning is called hallucinogen persisting perceptual disorder or HPPD.
Another long-term side effect of hallucinogen addiction, particularly when it comes to psilocybin, is the possibility of poisoning from eating the wrong kind of mushroom which, depending on the type, can result in a host of health effects and the possibility even of death.
Similarly, especially in the case of MDMA, these substances are prone to being cut with other drugs. As they are typically purchased on the streets, hallucinogen users never really know whether the drug they are taking is pure or if it's made up of other, more harmful substances. As such, regular use of these drugs can lead to severe consequences to your health caused by these unknown substances.